8 Go-To Medications for Everyday Stomach Discomfort

Stomach pain can have different causes, like gas, indigestion, or heartburn, and knowing which medication to use is important. From antacids for acid reflux to simethicone for gas discomfort, review the best over-the-counter options for quick stomach pain relief.

1. Antacids to Ease Heartburn and Indigestion

Antacids relieve mild to moderate heartburn, acid reflux, and indigestion. These symptoms often occur after eating or lying down, caused by excess stomach acid irritating the esophagus.

How it works: Antacids work by neutralizing existing stomach acid, which helps reduce burning sensations and discomfort. They start working within minutes and provide short-term relief, making them useful for occasional symptoms.

Availability: Most antacids, such as Tums, Rolaids, Mylanta, and Gaviscon, are available over the counter and commonly used for quick relief from mild heartburn and indigestion.

Side effects: Antacids can cause mild side effects depending on the ingredients. Magnesium-based types may cause diarrhea, while calcium or aluminum types may lead to constipation. Rarely, calcium-based antacids can increase the risk of kidney stones.

Considerations: Take antacids as needed, typically one hour after eating or when symptoms start. Antacids cannot treat more serious problems like stomach ulcers, appendicitis, or gallstones. See a healthcare provider if your symptoms happen frequently or do not get better with antacids.

2. Using Simethicone for Gas

Simethicone relieves bloating, pressure, and discomfort caused by excess gas in the stomach or intestines. It’s commonly recommended for gas-related stomach pain, such as pain after eating or from swallowing air.

How it works: Simethicone breaks up gas bubbles in the digestive tract, making them easier to pass and relieving pressure. While it doesn’t prevent gas from forming, it reduces uncomfortable symptoms once gas is present.

Availability: Simethicone is available over the counter and found in chewable tablets, softgels, and liquids. It’s sometimes combined with other ingredients in multi-symptom relief products. Popular simethicone products include Gas-X, Phazyme, and Mylanta Gas.

Side effects: It may temporarily darken the stool or tongue. These changes are harmless but can be surprising. In rare cases, it may cause constipation or ringing in the ears if overused.

Considerations: Simethicone can be taken after meals or at bedtime as directed. Although safe for most people, talk to a healthcare provider if your gas symptoms persist or worsen.

3. Bismuth Subsalicylate to Soothe an Upset Stomach

Bismuth subsalicylate is used to relieve nausea, indigestion, upset stomach, heartburn, and diarrhea. It’s often recommended for travelers’ diarrhea or discomfort from overeating, food poisoning, or mild viral stomach bugs.

How it works: Bismuth subsalicylate coats the stomach and intestinal lining, reducing inflammation and fluid loss. It also has mild antibacterial properties and contains a salicylate, an aspirin-like compound that helps calm irritation.

Availability: It is available over the counter in both liquid and chewable forms. Common products include Pepto-Bismol and its generic equivalents.

Side effects: Bismuth subsalicylate may temporarily darken the stool (poop) or tongue. These changes are harmless but can be surprising. In rare cases, it may cause constipation or ringing in the ears if overused.

Considerations: Follow dosage instructions carefully. Since it contains salicylate, avoid using it in children or teens recovering from viral infections due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome. Contact a healthcare provider if diarrhea lasts more than two days or worsens.

4. Loperamide for Diarrhea

Loperamide is used to manage sudden or chronic diarrhea, including diarrhea caused by infections, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or travel. It helps reduce the frequency and urgency of bowel movements and can ease related cramping.

Availability: It is sold over the counter in tablet, softgel, and liquid forms. Common brands include Imodium, Pepto Diarrhea Control, and store-brand generics.

How it works: Loperamide slows the movement of the intestines, allowing more time for fluids and electrolytes to be absorbed. This results in firmer, less frequent stools and improved bowel control.

Side effects: It may cause constipation, fatigue, or mild stomach discomfort. Rarely, it can trigger allergic reactions or serious heart rhythm issues, especially if overused or taken with certain medications.

Considerations: Use only as directed and for short-term relief. It’s not recommended for diarrhea with blood or fever, or if caused by certain bacterial infections. Do not exceed the recommended dose, especially in children.

5. Laxatives for Occasional Constipation

Laxatives are used to relieve occasional constipation, such as infrequent or difficult bowel movements, hard stools, or straining. They may be helpful when dietary changes like increasing fiber or fluids aren’t enough.

Availability: It is sold over the counter in many forms, including powders, tablets, and suppositories. Common types include Metamucil (adds bulk), Miralax (draws water into the stool), Dulcolax (stimulates movement), and Colace (softens stool).

How they work: Different types work in different ways—some add bulk or moisture to the stool, while others stimulate the intestines to move. Some act within hours; others may take a day or more.

Side effects: Laxatives can sometimes cause gas, bloating, or cramping. Using them too often may lead to dehydration, low mineral levels, or make your body depend on them to have a bowel movement.

Considerations: Only use laxatives when needed, and always follow the directions on the label. Drink plenty of water with them, especially with bulking types. Stimulant laxatives should not be used every day—they can weaken your bones over time. Talk to a healthcare provider if you’re often constipated or need help having regular bowel movements.

6. Digestive Enzymes for Food Intolerances

Digestive enzymes help with bloating, gas, and stomach pain after eating, especially high-fat, high-protein, or dairy-heavy meals. They’re often used by people with lactose intolerance or enzyme deficiencies.

Availability: Supplements are available over the counter in tablet or capsule form. Common brands include Lactaid, Digestive Advantage, and Zenwise.

How they work: These supplements contain enzymes that help your body break down food. This makes it easier to digest meals and may reduce gas, cramping, or feeling too full.

Side effects: Most people don’t have side effects, but some may notice mild stomach upset or nausea. Allergic reactions are rare.

Considerations: Take enzymes at the start of a meal. Use occasionally with trigger foods. For frequent symptoms or diagnosed enzyme problems, talk to a healthcare provider.

7. Proton Pump Inhibitors for GERD

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used for acid-related conditions like heartburn, acid reflux, GERD, and stomach ulcers. They may also be used to protect the stomach lining in people who take NSAIDs regularly.

Availability: Some PPIs—like omeprazole (Prilosec OTC), esomeprazole (Nexium 24HR), and lansoprazole (Prevacid 24HR)—are available over the counter. Stronger doses may be prescribed by a healthcare provider.

How they work: PPIs block an enzyme in the stomach that produces acid. This lowers acid levels, which helps relieve symptoms and allows healing.

Side effects: Possible side effects include headache, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, or itching. Long-term use may affect nutrient absorption (like magnesium or vitamin B12) or raise the risk of certain infections and bone fractures.

Considerations: PPIs work best when taken 30 minutes before a meal, usually the first meal of the day. They aren’t for fast relief and should be used only as directed. Speak with a healthcare provider if you need them long-term.

8. H2 Blockers for Heartburn and GERD

H2 blockers are used to reduce stomach acid and relieve conditions like heartburn, acid indigestion, and GERD. They may also help heal stomach or duodenal ulcers and prevent them from recurring.

Common types: Common H2 blockers include famotidine (Pepcid) and cimetidine (Tagamet). These are available both over the counter and in prescription strengths, usually taken as tablets or chewables.

How it works: H2 blockers reduce the amount of acid your stomach produces by blocking histamine-2 receptors in the stomach lining. This helps lower acid levels, easing discomfort and giving the stomach lining time to heal.

Considerations: H2 blockers are often taken once or twice daily, 30 to 90 minutes before a meal or at bedtime. They’re generally safe for short-term use, but long-term use should be supervised by a healthcare provider, especially if combined with other acid-reducing medications like PPIs.

When to See a Healthcare Provider

While most stomach pain is mild and manageable at home, certain symptoms can signal a more serious condition—such as an infection, ulcer, or internal bleeding.

See a healthcare provider if you experience:

• Sudden, severe, or persistent lower abdominal pain
• Fever along with stomach pain
• Ongoing nausea or vomiting, especially if you can’t keep fluids down
• Vomit that contains blood or looks like coffee grounds
• Black, tarry, or bloody stools
• A hard, tender, or rigid belly
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Swelling or bloating that doesn’t go away
• Burning upper abdominal pain that worsens after eating
• Constipation lasting more than three days, especially with pain

If you’re unsure, it’s better to get checked out—especially if the pain is getting worse or interfering with your daily life. A healthcare provider can help rule out more serious causes and guide you toward the right treatment.